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　　2021年10月自考00838语言与文化真题与答案

　　1.请考生按规定用笔将所有试题的答案涂、写在答题纸上。

　　2.答题前,考生务必将自己的考试课程名称、姓名、准考证号用黑色字迹的签字笔或钢笔填写在答题纸规定的位置上。

　　选择题部分

　　注意事项:每小题选出答案后,用2B铅笔把答题纸上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后,再选涂其他答案标号。不能答在试题卷上。

　　I.Eachofthefollowingincompletestatementsisfollowedbyfouralternatives.Readeachstatementandthefouralternativescarefullyanddecidewhichofthefouralternativesbestcompletesthestatement.(20%)

　　1.Cultureinitsnarrowsenseisalsocalled“_____”

　　A.largeCculture

　　B.academicculture

　　C.broadculture

　　D.anthropologicalculture

　　2.Inthesenseofrelationshipbetweenlanguageandculture,languageisthe_____andcontainerofculture.

　　A.creator

　　B.carrier

　　C.user

　　D.thinker

　　3.Whenfelingsoratitudesareexpressedinlanguge,_______meaningiscommunicated.

　　A.affective

　　B.collocative

　　C.social

　　D.conceptual

　　4.TheChineseequivalentfor"wester"is“____”。

　　A.西方人

　　B.西方

　　C.西风

　　D.西行者

　　5.Englishspeakershavecoineda(n)____forsentencesrepresentingnaturalphenomena.Forexample,“itisgettinglate".

　　A.subordinate

　　B.object

　　C.coordinate

　　D.subject

　　6.IthasbeenclaimedthatEnglishisalanguagegovernedbystrictrulesandregulations,whereastheChinese-speakingpeopleenjoymorefreedomwhenspeakingorwriting____

　　A.inEnglish

　　B.inanylanguage

　　C.inChinese

　　D.inforeignlanguages

　　7.Generallyspeaking,theEnglish-speakingpeople____moreoftenandonmoreoccasionsthantheChinesepeople,e.g.whentheyneedtopassinfrontofothers.

　　A.talk

　　B.reply

　　C.apologize:

　　D.thank

　　8.ThepersonalnamesinChinesearestronglyinfluencedbyChinese____culture,asisshowny“岳”,“松”，“桂”，etc.

　　A.environmentalistic

　　B.individualistic

　　C.historical

　　D.religious

　　9.A(n)____isaconstruction,expression,etc.havingameaningdifferentfromtheliteraloneornotaccordingtotheusualpattermsofthelanguage.

　　A.idiom

　　B.proverb

　　C.phrase

　　D.allusion

　　10.InEnglish,theidealorentirelysuitablemanforawomantomarryiscalled____.

　　A.Romeo

　　B.Mr.Right

　　C.Cinderella

　　D.Shylock

　　11.Themetaphoricalexpression“Heisrichinideas"indicatesthatideasare____

　　A.food

　　B.money

　　C.resources

　　D.commodities

　　12.Whichofthefllowingmetaphoricalexpressionsindicatesthatloveismadness?____

　　A.I'mcrazyabouther.

　　B.1wasmagneticallydrawntoher

　　C.Themarriageisdead-itcan'tberevived.

　　D.Shefoughtforhim,buthismistresswonout.

　　13.WhichofthefollowingisatermofhumilityinChinese?____

　　A.惠函

　　B.献丑

　　C.拜托

　　D.永眠

　　14.Anythingthatisprohibitedbyreligion,traditionorsocialusageisa(n)____

　　A.honourific

　　B.termofhumility

　　C.euphemism

　　D.taboo

　　15.ThefollowingwordsorphrasesaretextualconnectivesEXCEPT___

　　A.but

　　B.next

　　C.resultin

　　D.asamatteroffact

　　16.Thelogicalrelationshipbetweenthefollowingsentencesisthe____relationship.

　　e.g.Forthewholedayheclimbedupthesteepmountainside,almostwithoutstoppingYethewashardlyawareofbeingtired.

　　A.temporal

　　B.adversative

　　C.causal

　　D.additive

　　17.Manyfamousproductsinthewestarenamedaftertheirdesignersormanufacturers,such

　　as"____"

　　A.Rolex

　　B.Kent

　　C.Nike

　　D.Ford

　　18.Inlegaldocuments,learnedwordsareusedfrequently.Agreatmanyofthemarefrom____andFrench.

　　A.Greek

　　B.Indian

　　C.Latin

　　D.German

　　19.Thespacethatexclusivelybelongstoitsownerisreferredtoasprimarytrritory.WhichofthefllowingplacesisNOTtheprimarytrritor?____

　　A.Librarytables.

　　B.Personaloffices.

　　C.Father'schair.

　　D.Mother'skitchen.

　　20.Amothertoldherson,“1Iloveyou,"andgavehimawarmhug.Themother'shugfunctionsas____theverbalmessage.

　　A.regulating

　　B.repeating

　　C.contradicting

　　D.complementing

　　I.Eachofthefollowingincompletestatementsisfollowedbyfouralternatives.Readeachstatementandthefouralternativescarefullyanddecidewhichalternativescancompletethestatement.Thereismorethanonecorrectanswertoeachquestion(10%)

　　21.Whichofthefollowingpropertiesofculturearetrue?.____

　　A.Cultureishumanspecific.

　　B.Cultureisanaturalphenomenon.

　　C.Cultureisgeneralandconcrete.

　　D.Cultureisacontemporaryphenomenon.

　　22.WhichofthefllowinIgtermsarerelatedtotheAmericanhistory?______

　　A.NewSouthWales.

　　B.TheMayFlower.

　　C.PrimeMinister.

　　D.ContinentalCongress.

　　23.TheinflectionalmorphemesinEnglisharemainlywordendings.Thesewordendingsrepresentsuchgrammaticalcategoriesasthenumber,case,___,etc.

　　A.tense

　　B.gender

　　C.mood

　　D.voice

　　24.InEnglish“_____”isoftenusedtogetherwiththeadresee'sgivenname.

　　A.father

　　B.uncle

　　C.aunt

　　D.mother

　　25.WhichofthefllowingEnglishproverbsarerelatedwithindividualism?____

　　A.Donotwearoutyourwelcome.

　　B.Evenreckoningmakeslongfriends.

　　C.AnEnglishman'shouseishiscastle.

　　D.Wineisaturncoat,firstafriend,thenanenemy.

　　26.WhichofthefollowingexamplesshowthatthesamequalitiesmaybeassociatedwithdifferentthingsinEnglishandChinese?____

　　A.He'sasstrongasahorse.

　　B.Itcantakeyearsofcarefulcutingandrlligtogetalawnassmoothasabilliard-table.

　　C.Thechildpickedupthespectaclesandputthemon.“Nowyoulookaswiseasanowl,"saidhisfatheraffectionately.

　　D.GeneraldisciplineandacademicachievementimprovedgreatlyundertheheadmastershipofMr.Gray,amanashardassteel,butveryjust.

　　27.TheChineseequivalentoftheEnglisheuphemismfordeath“tobewithGod”is“______”

　　A.辞世

　　B.登仙

　　C.断气

　　D.圆寂

　　28.Whichofthefollowingsentencesindicatecausalrelationsbetweentheadjoiningsentences?____

　　A.I'dlovetojoinin.OnlyIdon'tknowhowtoplay.

　　B.Iwasnotinformed.OtherwiseIshouldhavetakensomeaction.

　　C.Iftheyseethatyou'reblue,they'lllookdownonyou.SowhyshouldIbothertocare.

　　D.Theweatherclearedjustasthepartyapproachedthesummit.Untilthentheyhadseennothingofthepanoramaaroundthem.

　　29.ThephoneticdifferencesbetweenAmericanandBritishEnglisharethepronunciationof“____”inwords.

　　A.er(attheendofaword)

　　B.i(before“Ie")

　　C.r(afteravowelorbetweenvowels)

　　D.a(before[ns])

　　30.Nonverbalcommunicationincludesthestudyof____.

　　A.touch

　　B.smell

　　C.gestures

　　D.phonetics

　　非选择题部分

　　注意事项:用黑色字迹的签字笔或钢笔将答案写在答题纸上,不能答在试题卷上。

　　II.Fillineachunderlinedspacewithaproperexpression.(20%)

　　31.Languageissystematic,whichmeansthatitis____govermed.

　　32.Apartytocelebratethetakingpossessionofahouseisalled___.

　　33.OneimportantemotionalorpersonalitycontrastbetweenEnglishandChinesespeakersisthatEnglishspeakerstendtobedirect,whileChinesespeakerstendtobe____.

　　34.Whenpeoplepart,theyusuallysaysomethingtobid____toeachotherbeforetheygo.Itisimpolitetoleaveabruptlywithoutsayinganything.

　　35.Peopleenrichtheirspeechorwritingwithindirectreferencestocharactersoreventsfromculture.Inthissense,theexpression“你真是个诸葛亮"isaChinese____.

　　36.Asoneofthecommonestfiguresofspeech,______isusedinthesentence“Poplookedsounhappy,almostlikeachildwhohaslosthispieceofcandy."

　　37.Honourificsareusedtoshowrespecttoone'sinterlocutorsandpersonsmentionedin____conversations,whiletermsofhumilityareusedtoshowthespeaker's.

　　38.Ifthesentencesinatextarelinkedby____aloneasexemplifiedbythefollowingexample,itcanbesaidthattheyexhibitcoherence.

　　A:Couldyougivemealifthome?

　　B:Sorry,I'mvisitingmysister.

　　39.TheBritishEnglishwordfor“tire"is“___”

　　40.Interpretationofnonverbalbehaviorsiscontext____.

　　IV.Answerthefollowingquestionsbriefly.(12%)

　　41.Thesameobjectiscalleda“table"inEnglishanda“桌子”inChinese.Explainthislingusticphenomenonfromtheviewpointofpropertiesoflanguage.

　　42.WhatistheEnglishequivalentfor“白手起家的人”?

　　43.WhatarethegrammaticalfeaturesofEnglishinlegaldocuments?

　　44.Usethefollowingexamplestoilustratethecategoriesofgestures.

　　(1)“OK”gesture

　　(2)shakingknees

　　(3)pattingone'spenonthedesk

　　V.Translation.(18%)

　　45.这里冬天很冷。

　　46.您过奖了。

　　47.智者千虑，必有一失。

　　48.Fromsavingcomeshaving.

　　49.brownbread

　　50.Ifyoudon'tmindwaitingforawhile,I'llseeifheisavailable.

　　VI.Discussthefollowingtopics.(20%)

　　51.Comparethefollowingpairofsentences,findoutdiferentwaystoshowthelogicalrelationshipsbetweenEnglishandChineseandofferapossibleculturalexplanation.

　　(1)Wewillattackunlessweareattacked.

　　(2)人不犯我，我不犯人。

　　52.Explainwhetherthesentencesinthefllowingtwotextsareconnectedhypoacicallyorparatactically.

　　(1)Thecaptainhadsteeredacoursecloseintotheshore.Asaresult,theyavoidedtheworstofthestorm.

　　(2)Thedoorwasopen.Hewalkedin.　　

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